CIVIL ENGINEERING SEMESTER 4 SYLLOBUS

CIVIL ENGINEERING SEMESTER 4 SYLLOBUS

SUBJECTS

MA6459 Numerical Methods
CE6401 Construction Materials
CE6402 Strength of Materials
CE6405 Soil Mechanics
CE6403 Applied Hydraulic Engineering
CE6404 Surveying II
CE6411 Strength of Materials Laboratory
CE6412 Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory
CE6413 Survey Practical II

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MA6459 Numerical Methods

L T P C
3 1 0 4
OBJECTIVES:
This course aims at providing the necessary basic concepts of a few numerical methods and give procedures for solving numerically different kinds of problems occurring in engineering and technology

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UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS
Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations - Fixed point iteration method – Newton Raphson method- Solution of linear system of equations - Gauss elimination method – Pivoting - Gauss Jordan method – Iterative methods of Gauss Jacobi and Gauss Seidel - Matrix Inversion by Gauss Jordan method - Eigen values of a matrix by Power method.

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UNIT II INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION
Interpolation with unequal intervals - Lagrange's interpolation – Newton?s divided difference interpolation – Cubic Splines - Interpolation with equal intervals - Newton?s forward and backward difference formulae.

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UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION
Approximation of derivatives using interpolation polynomials - Numerical integration using Trapezoidal, Simpson?s 1/3 rule – Romberg?s method - Two point and three point Gaussian quadrature formulae – Evaluation of double integrals by Trapezoidal and Simpson?s 1/3 rules.

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UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Single Step methods - Taylor?s series method - Euler?s method - Modified Euler?s method - Fourth order Runge-Kutta method for solving first order equations - Multi step methods - Milne?s and Adams-Bash forth predictor corrector methods for solving first order equations.

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UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Finite difference methods for solving two-point linear boundary value problems - Finite difference techniques for the solution of two dimensional Laplace?s and Poisson?s equations on rectangular domain – One dimensional heat flow equation by explicit and implicit (Crank Nicholson) methods – One dimensional wave equation by explicit method.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Grewal. B.S., and Grewal. J.S.,"Numerical methods in Engineering and Science", Khanna Publishers, 9th Edition, New Delhi, 2007.
2. Gerald. C. F., and Wheatley. P. O., "Applied Numerical Analysis", Pearson Education, Asia, 6th Edition, New Delhi, 2006.
REFERENCES:
1. Chapra. S.C., and Canale.R.P., "Numerical Methods for Engineers, Tata McGraw Hill, 5th Edition, New Delhi, 2007.
2. Brian Bradie. "A friendly introduction to Numerical analysis", Pearson Education, Asia, New Delhi, 2007.
3. Sankara Rao. K., "Numerical methods for Scientists and Engineers", Prentice Hall of India Private, 3rd Edition, New Delhi, 2007.
SUBJECTS

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CE6401 Construction Materials

L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
To introduce students to various materials commonly used in civil engineering construction and their properties.

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UNIT I STONES – BRICKS – CONCRETE BLOCKS
Stone as building material – Criteria for selection – Tests on stones – Deterioration and Preservation of stone work – Bricks – Classification – Manufacturing of clay bricks – Tests on bricks – Compressive Strength – Water Absorption – Efflorescence – Bricks for special use – Refractory bricks – Cement, Concrete blocks – Light weight concrete blocks.

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UNIT II LIME – CEMENT – AGGREGATES – MORTAR
Lime – Preparation of lime mortar – Cement – Ingredients – Manufacturing process – Types and Grades – Properties of cement and Cement mortar – Hydration – Compressive strength – Tensile strength – Fineness– Soundness and consistency – Setting time – Industrial byproducts – Fly ash – Aggregates – Natural stone aggregates – Crushing strength – Impact strength – Flakiness Index – Elongation Index – Abrasion Resistance – Grading – Sand Bulking.

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UNIT III CONCRETE
Concrete – Ingredients – Manufacturing Process – Batching plants – RMC – Properties of fresh concrete – Slump – Flow and compaction Factor – Properties of hardened concrete – Compressive, Tensile and shear strength – Modulus of rupture – Tests – Mix specification – Mix proportioning – BIS method – High Strength Concrete and HPC – Self compacting Concrete – Other types of Concrete – Durability of Concrete.

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UNIT IV TIMBER AND OTHER MATERIALS
Timber – Market forms – Industrial timber– Plywood – Veneer – Thermacole – Panels of laminates – Steel – Aluminum and Other Metallic Materials – Composition – Aluminium composite panel – Uses – Market forms – Mechanical treatment – Paints – Varnishes – Distempers – Bitumens.

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UNIT V MODERN MATERIALS
Glass – Ceramics – Sealants for joints – Fibre glass reinforced plastic – Clay products – Refractories – Composite materials – Types – Applications of laminar composites – Fibre textiles – Geomembranes and Geotextiles for earth reinforcement.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Varghese.P.C, "Building Materials", PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2012.
2. Rajput. R.K., "Engineering Materials", S. Chand and Company Ltd., 2008.
3. Shetty.M.S., "Concrete Technology (Theory and Practice)", S. Chand and Company Ltd.,2008.
4. Gambhir.M.L., "Concrete Technology", 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Education, 2004 5. Duggal.S.K., "Building Materials", 4th Edition, New Age International , 2008.
REFERENCES:
1. Jagadish.K.S, "Alternative Building Materials Technology", New Age International, 2007.
2. Gambhir. M.L., & Neha Jamwal., "Building Materials, products, properties and systems", Tata McGraw Hill Educations Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2012.
3. IS456 – 2000: Indian Standard specification for plain and reinforced concrete, 2011
4. IS4926–2003 : Indian Standard specification for ready–mixed concrete, 2012
5. IS383–1970: Indian Standard specification for coarse and fine aggregate from natural Sources for concrete, 2011
6. IS1542–1992: Indian standard specification for sand for plaster, 2009
SUBJECTS

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CE6402 Strength of Materials

LT P C
3 1 0 4
OBJECTIVES:
To know the method of finding slope and deflection of beams and trusses using energy theorems and to know the concept of analysing indeterminate beam To estimate the load carrying capacity of columns, stresses due to unsymmetrical bending and various theories for failure of material.

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UNIT I ENERGY PRINCIPLES
Strain energy and strain energy density – strain energy due to axial load, shear, flexure and torsion – Castigliano?s theorems – Maxwell?s reciprocal theorems - Principle of virtual work – application of energy theorems for computing deflections in beams and trusses - Williot Mohr's Diagram.

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UNIT II INDETERMINATE BEAMS
Concept of Analysis - Propped cantilever and fixed beams-fixed end moments and reactions – Theorem of three moments – analysis of continuous beams – shear force and bending moment diagrams.

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UNIT III COLUMNS AND CYLINDER
Euler?s theory of long columns – critical loads for prismatic columns with different end conditions; Rankine-Gordon formula for eccentrically loaded columns – Eccentrically loaded short columns – middle third rule – core section – Thick cylinders – Compound cylinders.

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UNIT IV STATE OF STRESS IN THREE DIMENSIONS
Determination of principal stresses and principal planes – Volumetric strain –Theories of failure – Principal stress - Principal strain – shear stress – Strain energy and distortion energy theories – application in analysis of stress, load carrying capacity.

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UNIT V ADVANCED TOPICS IN BENDING OF BEAMS 9
Unsymmetrical bending of beams of symmetrical and unsymmetrical sections – Shear Centre - curved beams – Winkler Bach formula.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Rajput R.K. "Strength of Materials (Mechanics of Solids)", S.Chand & company Ltd., New Delhi, 2010.
2. Egor P Popov, “Engineering Mechanics of Solids”, 2nd edition, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2012
REFERENCES:
1. Kazimi S.M.A, “Solid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi, 2003
2. William A .Nash, “Theory and Problems of Strength of Materials”, Schaum?s Outline Series, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing company, 2007.
3. Punmia B.C."Theory of Structures" (SMTS) Vol 1&II, Laxmi Publishing Pvt Ltd, New Delhi 2004.
4. Rattan.S.S., "Strength of Materials", Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2011.
SUBJECTS

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CE6405 Soil Mechanics

L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
To impart knowledge on behavior and the performance of saturated soil. At the end of this course student attains adequate knowledge in assessing both physical and engineering behaviour of soils, mechanism of stress transfer in two-phase systems and stability analysis of slopes.

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UNIT I SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND COMPACTION
Nature of soil – phase relationships – Soil description and classification for engineering purposes, their significance – Index properties of soils - BIS Classification system – Soil compaction – Theory, comparison of laboratory and field compaction methods – Factors influencing compaction behaviour of soils.

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UNIT II SOIL WATER AND WATER FLOW
Soil water – static pressure in water - Effective stress concepts in soils – capillary stress – Permeability measurement in the laboratory and field pumping in pumping out tests – factors influencing permeability of soils – Seepage – introduction to flow nets – Simple problems. (sheet pile and weir).

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UNIT III STRESS DISTRIBUTION AND SETTLEMENT
Stress distribution - soil media – Boussinesq theory - Use of Newmarks influence chart –Components of settlement –– immediate and consolidation settlement – Terzaghi?s onedimensional consolidation theory – computation of rate of settlement. - vt and log t methods– e-log p relationship - Factors influencing compression behaviour of soils.

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UNIT IV SHEAR STRENGTH
Shear strength of cohesive and cohesionless soils – Mohr – Coulomb failure theory – Measurement of shear strength, direct shear – Triaxial compression, UCC and Vane shear tests – Pore pressure parameters – cyclic mobility – Liquefaction.

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UNIT V SLOPE STABILITY
Slope failure mechanisms – Types - infinite slopes – finite slopes – Total stress analysis for saturated clay – Fellenius method - Friction circle method – Use of stability number - slope protection measures.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Murthy, V.N.S., “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering”, CBS Publishers Distribution Ltd., New Delhi. 2007
2. Gopal Ranjan and Rao A.S.R. “Basic and Applied soil mechanics”, Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi (India), 2000.
3. Arora K.R. “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering”, Standard Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 2002.
REFERENCES:
1. McCarthy D.F. “Essentials of Soil Mechanics and Foundations”. Prentice-Hall, 2002.
2. Coduto, D.P. "Geotechnical Engineering – Principles and Practices", Prentice Hall of India Pvt.Ltd, New Delhi, 2002.
3. Das, B.M. "Principles of Geotechnical Engineering”. Thompson Brooks / Coles Learning Singapore, 5th Edition, 2002.
4. Punmia, B.C. "Soil Mechanics and Foundations”, Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2005.
5. Palanikumar. M, “Soil Mechanics”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, Leaning Private Limited, Delhi, 2013.
6. Craig. R.F., "Soil Mechanics". E & FN Spon, London and New York, 2007
7. Purushothama Raj. P., “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering”, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2013
SUBJECTS

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CE6403 Applied Hydraulic Engineering

L T P C
3 1 0 4
OBJECTIVES:
To introduce the students to various hydraulic engineering problems like open channel flows and hydraulic machines. At the completion of the course, the student should be able to relate the theory and practice of problems in hydraulic engineering.

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UNIT I UNIFORM FLOW
Definition and differences between pipe flow and open channel flow - Types of Flow - Properties of open channel - Fundamental equations - Velocity distribution in open channel - Steady uniform flow: Chezy equation, Manning equation - Best hydraulic sections for uniform flow - Computation in Uniform Flow - Specific energy and specific force - Critical depth and velocity.

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UNIT II GRADUALLY V ARIED FLOW
Dynamic equations of gradually varied and spatially varied flows - Water surface flow profile classifications: Hydraulic Slope, Hydraulic Curve - Profile determination by Numerical method: Direct step method and Standard step method, Graphical method - Applications.

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UNIT III RAPIDLY VARIED FLOW
Application of the energy equation for RVF - Critical depth and velocity - Critical, Sub-critical and Super-critical flow - Application of the momentum equation for RVF - Hydraulic jumps - Types - Energy dissipation - Surges and surge through channel transitions.

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UNIT IV TURBINES 9 Impact of Jet on vanes - Turbines - Classification - Reaction turbines - Francis turbine, Radial flow turbines, draft tube and cavitation - Propeller and Kaplan turbines - Impulse turbine - Performance of turbine - Specific speed - Runaway speed - Similarity laws.

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UNIT V PUMPS
Centrifugal pumps - Minimum speed to start the pump - NPSH - Cavitations in pumps - Operating characteristics - Multistage pumps - Reciprocating pumps - Negative slip - Flow separation conditions - Air vessels, indicator diagrams and its variations - Savings in work done - Rotary pumps: Gear pump.
TEXT BOOKS: 1. Jain. A.K., "Fluid Mechanics", Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2010.
2. Modi P.N. and Seth S.M., "Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics", Standard Book House, New Delhi, 2002.
3. Subramanya K., "Flow in open channels", Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2000.
REFERENCES:
1. Ven Te Chow, "Open Channel Hydraulics", McGraw Hill, New York, 2009.
2. Rajesh Srivastava, "Flow through open channels", Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2008.
3. Bansal, "Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines", Laxmi Publications, New Delhi, 2008.
4. Mays L. W., "Water Resources Engineering", John Wiley and Sons (WSE), New York, 2005
SUBJECTS

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CE6404 Surveying II

L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
This subject deals with geodetic measurements and Control Survey methodology and its adjustments. The student is also exposed to the Modern Surveying.

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UNIT I CONTROL SURVEYING
Horizontal and vertical control – Methods – specifications – triangulation- baseline – instruments and accessories – corrections – satellite stations – reduction to centre- trigonometrical levelling – single and reciprocal observations – traversing – Gale?s table.

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UNIT II SURVEY ADJUSTMENT
Errors Sources- precautions and corrections – classification of errors – true and most probable values- weighed observations – method of equal shifts –principle of least squares -0 normal equation – correlates- level nets- adjustment of simple triangulation networks.

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UNIT III TOTAL STATION SURVEYING
Basic Principle – Classifications -Electro-optical system: Measuring principle, Working principle, Sources of Error, Infrared and Laser Total Station instruments. Microwave system: Measuring principle, working principle, Sources of Error, Microwave Total Station instruments. Comparis on between Electro-optical and Microwave system. Care and maintenance of Total Station instruments. Modern positioning systems – Traversing and Trilateration.

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UNIT IV GPS SURVEYING
Basic Concepts - Different segments - space, control and user segments - satellite configuration - signal structure - Orbit determination and representation - Anti Spoofing and Selective Availability - Task of control segment – Hand Held and Geodetic receivers –data processing - Traversing and triangulation
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UNIT V ADVANCED TOPICS IN SURVEYING
Route Surveying - Reconnaissance - Route surveys for highways, railways and waterways - Simple curves – Compound and reverse curves - Setting out Methods – Transition curves - Functions and requirements - Setting out by offsets and angles - Vertical curves - Sight distances- hydrographic surveying – Tides - MSL - Sounding methods - Three-point problem - Strength of fix - Sextants and station pointer- Astronomical Surveying – field observations and determination of Azimuth by altitude and hour angle methods – fundamentals of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
TEXT BOOKS: 1. James M. Anderson and Edward M. Mikhail, "Surveying, Theory and Practice", 7th Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001.
2. Bannister and S. Raymond, "Surveying", 7th Edition, Longman 2004.
3. Laurila, S.H. "Electronic Surveying in Practice", John Wiley and Sons Inc, 1993
REFERENCES:
1. Alfred Leick, "GPS satellite surveying", John Wiley & Sons Inc., 3rd Edition, 2004.
2. Guocheng Xu, "GPS Theory, Algorithms and Applications", Springer - Berlin, 2003.
3. Satheesh Gopi, rasathishkumar, N. madhu, “Advanced Surveying, Total Station GPS and Remote Sensing" Pearson education , 2007
SUBJECTS

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CE6411 Strength of Materials Laboratory

L T P C
0 0 3 2
OBJECTIVES:
To expose the students to the testing of different materials under the action of various forces and determination of their characteristics experimentally. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Tension test on mild steel rod
2. Compression test on wood
3. Double shear test on metal
4. Torsion test on mild steel rod
5. Impact test on metal specimen (Izod and Charpy)
6. Hardness test on metals (Rockwell and Brinell Hardness Tests)
7. Deflection test on metal beam
8. Compression test on helical spring
9. Deflection test on carriage spring
10. Test on Cement SUBJECTS

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CE6412 Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory

L T P C
0 0 3 2
OBJECTIVES:
Students should be able to verify the principles studied in theory by performing the experiments in lab.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
A. Flow Measurement
1. Calibration of Rotometer
2. Flow through Venturimeter Orificemeter
3. Flow through variable duct area - Bernoulli?s Experiment
4. Flow through Orifice, Mouthpiece and Notches
B. 5. Losses in Pipes 4 Determination of friction coefficient in pipes 4
6. Determination of loss coefficients for pipe fittings
C. 7. Pumps 12 Characteristics of Centrifugal pumps
8. Characteristics of Gear pump
9. Characteristics of Submersible pump
10. Characteristics of Reciprocating pump
D. 11. Turbines 9 Characteristics of Pelton wheel turbine
12. 13. Characteristics of Francis turbine Characteristics of Kaplan turbine
E. 14. Determination of Metacentric height 3 Determination of Metacentric height (Demonstration)
SUBJECTS

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CE6413 Survey Practical II

L T P C
0 0 4 2
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course the student will posses knowledge about Survey field techniques. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Study of theodolite
2. Measurement of horizontal angles by reiteration and repetition and vertical angles
3. Theodolite survey traverse
4. Heights and distances - Triangulation - Single plane method.
5. Tacheometry - Tangential system - Stadia system - Subtense system.
6. Setting out works - Foundation marking - Simple curve (right/left-handed) - Transition curve.
7. Field observation for and Calculation of azimuth
8. Field work using Total Station.
SUBJECTS